which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

The workforce at most prisons is not organized into unions. Psychology - The Biological Perspective, Communication - Writing Negative Messages Quiz level 3, Pre Exam Quiz 5; Human Development and Family Studies, Quiz Preview 10/ Psychology - Principles of Social Psychology, Quiz Facts 7' Psychology - Cognitive Functioning, Quiz Lot 2. B. The "poorhouse of the twentieth century" are? [6]In the United States, from2008 through 2018, therewas an 8.6% decline in the total number of persons in prison and an 21.5% decrease in Black individuals who were in prison. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? If appointments cannot be made in advance, make walk-in arrangements with clinical providers. Tempo is the time that events last. [14,15], In the United States, the absolute number of men with HIV in state or federal prisons is consistently greater than the number of women by a ratio of more than 10 to 1, which is not surprising given the prison population is predominantly male. Some officers become alienated, cynical, and withdrawn. [22], Many have called for a comprehensive strategy to help stop HIV transmission within the correctional system, through interventions such as voluntary counseling and testing, disease prevention education, and treatment for substance use disorders. Some terms may not be used. For this analysis, undetectable HIV RNA was defined as HIV RNA level of less than 500 copies/mL. The first jail in America was________in Philadelphia. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. More recent studies show that whites generally see misconduct as episodic and confined to individual officers, while blacks tend to see misconduct as a more entrenched aspect of . In contrast, when analyzing by the prevalence rate of personswith HIV in state or federal prison, the HIV prevalence rate in women (range, 1.3-1.8%) was similar to the HIV prevalence rate in men (range, 1.3-1.4%) (Figure 11). The region of the country with the highest number of parolees is the ___________. Race, ethnicity and sex are all aspects of? [27,28]Data on state prison HIV intake testing practice for 2015 showed that 15 states performed mandatory HIV testing (tested all prisoners regardless without the need for consent) and 17 states provided opt-out HIV testing (offered the HIV test and the test was performed unless the prisoner declined) (Figure 12). In some situations, an investigation may involve an external investigator. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the people who were employed in the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) were security staff. All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. Depending on the nature of the complaint, investigations can be criminal (if the officer broke the law or violated an individual's rights), administrative (if the officer violated department policy), or both. __ A case that involves one person who has a dispute with another person or entity. A person's race is a simple biological fact, and not a social construct. An assault in progress obviously calls for the use of force and/or a retreat by the . Which of the following states paid its correctional officers the highest median annual wage in 2014? Board of Governors and Delegates Assembly 1994. The field of corrections is improving. [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. The Wickersham Commission was appointed by President__________________. answer choices Home confinement Collaborate with state and local offices administering benefit and entitlement programs to facilitate pre-release applications and benefit reinstatements. An adult offender receives a verdict; a juvenile offender receives a? To this end, we subscribe to the following principles. Prisons have long had the right to provide only the minimal conditions necessary for human survival. In a retrospective review involving 882 prisoners with HIV in the Connecticut Department of Corrections system, virologic suppression (less than 400 copies/mL) improved from 29.8% at entry to 70.0% by release. These include untreated mental illness, medication side effects, lack of trust in the medical provider or in the benefit of taking antiretroviral medications, and social isolation. Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states. To conduct themselves as professionals, jail staff must have all except which of the following? that good educational programs reduce recidivism. Expedited HIV care may be necessary for special clinical circumstances including acute HIV,an acute opportunistic infection, and HIV during pregnancy. Sellers should focus on being helpful because buyers are powerless and need help to buy. , which are essentially the same thing, both having a notion that the consequence of the act is the most important . Based ONLY on the paragraph above, which one of the following statements is the most accurate? Psychologists, psychiatrists, medical doctors, nurses, teachers and others who contract with the institution to provide services are called___________. a. [11,42] Several studies evaluating the impact of directly observed antiretroviral therapy in prisons have found that directly observed antiretroviral therapy does not necessarily lead to better medication adherence than self-administration. Some crimes are classified as felonies in one part of the country and as misdemeanors in another part of the country. Incarceration offers a structured environment to initiate and continue antiretroviral therapy. [19] Incarcerated Black men are at least twice as likely as incarcerated White men to have HIV. [26,49], Maintaining confidentiality in jails and prisons can be challenging since the health information of prisoners is not always considered a protected entity. The ___________ was influenced by progressive beliefs that education and science were vehicles for controlling crime. A punishment that is grossly disproportionate to the offense as well as those that transgress today's broad and idealistic concepts of dignity, civilized standards, humanity and decency is said to be? Am J Public Health. In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was _____. The process of making the offender a productive member of the community again is called? Captain Maconochie would have preferred an _________ sentencing model. Which of the following statements is most true? The scale developed from a risk-screening instrument used to predict parole outcome is the _________________. Early release after a time period specified and set by law is called ____________. HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings. Sex Transm Dis. They have considerable discretion in discharging their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. BJS collects data on the administration and operation of both types of facilities. This has never been shown to be true, and facilities in the United States now do not usethis HIV cohorting stigmatizing practice.[53]. 2015;42:643-9. Fails when it's ill conceived and/or not implemented as designed. Q. The inmates' perception that certain correctional officers have valuable skills gives rise to ___________. Robert-Francois Damiens was sentenced to be quartered publicly in Paris for attempting to kill? emdjay23. [20] Adequate discharge planning and linkage to community medical care upon release often fall short of practices recommended by the CDC and only 30% of individuals are retained in HIV medical care after 6 months in the community. that an officer had to run to a squad car for a chain cutter. Late in a basketball game, a team often intentionally fouls an opposing player in order to stop the game clock. Source: Seth P, Figueroa A, Wang G, Reid L, Belcher L. HIV Testing, HIV Positivity, and Linkage and Referral Services in Correctional Facilities in the United States, 2009-2013. [38] The CDC has released a comprehensive document to guide the implementation of opt-out HIV testing in the correctional setting. A due process hearing that must be conducted to determine whether the conditions of probation have been violated is called? In 2014, the mean annual wage for state correctional officers was ________. The CDC report on HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings includes recommendations on linkage to appropriate medical care upon release from custody (Table 2). Some officers become intrusive and pry into the personal lives of inmates. A message will be sent to your email address with instructions. If a prosecutor drops charges after filing them, it is called? A correctional officer who provides commodities to the inmate population is a called a ________. Inmates under the care and custody of a local, state, or federal correctional authority are generally housed in one of two types of facilities - a local jail or a state or federal prison. Life is typified by insecurity, stress, and unpredictability in prison., There are rarely opportunities for educational achievement in prison., There is little privacy in prison., or Deprivation of personal freedom and material goods is pronounced in prison. What is defined as the conditional release of prisoners before they have served their full sentences? Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the inmate society in many women's prisons? The officers can help provide guidance, support, and program opportunities to persons in the community correctional system while helping them remain accountable to their imposed conditions as they transition back into the community. With severe correctional budget cuts, prisons struggle to obtain money for? April 2020. Each probation officer is given the following job description: Meeting and interviewing offenders and their relatives to evaluate and monitor their progress Recommending treatments, rehabilitation . [39,40], Receiving a new diagnosis of HIV while in a jail or prison can be difficult; thus, appropriate counseling and linkage to care during incarceration are essential components to any correctional testing program, just as in the noncorrectional settings. Racism Identify the standard-setting professional associations in the field of corrections that have developed models of professionalism.The American Probation and Parole Association The American Jail Association The American Correctional Association Identify an accurate statement about education as a component of trueprofessionalism in A writ issued by an appellate court to obtain from a lower court the record of its proceeding in a particular case is called a? The case of__________supported the use of the death penalty if the State used guided discretionary capital statutes. C. Some officers become overly authoritarian and confrontational. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? To deal with the growing prison population England used floating prion ships called hulks. [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. A crime which is a violation of a local ordinance and is punishable by only a fine is called an? [20], The landmark Supreme Court Estelle v. Gamble decision in 1976, which established that all incarcerated individuals have the right to adequate healthcare, provides the constitutional mandate for HIV care and access to treatment within the correctional setting. [37] A more recent CDC HIV corrections testing project conducted from 2009-2013 found 0.3-0.4% of inmates tested in a broad range of correctional facilities were newly diagnosed with HIV(Figure 13). [26,69] Individuals taking antiretroviral therapy at the time of discharge should receive an adequate supply of antiretroviral medication as a bridge from jail or prison release to an appointment with a community provider. Emergency release options for special docket offenders, generally used to relieve prison overcrowding are called? When an officer is using "persuasive diplomacy" it is called ___________. The case of Cruz v. Beto established the right of prisoners to have visits. [48] Also, with short stays there may be inadequate time to collect a medical history, inquire about and verify current and previous medication regimens, or obtain the necessary antiretroviral medications before an individual is released. An act that is a law violation only for juveniles but not for adults is referred to as a? (2) Words such as SOMETIMES, MAY, GENERALLY, and POSSIBLY soften a statement and leave more room for the statement to be correct. Time taken off an inmate's sentence for participating in certain activities such as going to school, learning a trade and working inprison is called _____________. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading. [77] Nevertheless, the community corrections population represents an important target for HIV screening and prevention services. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? Unions usually put the goals of the institution above the needs of individual officers. Show transcribed image text. "America is the land of the second chance and when the gates of the prison open, the path ahead should lead to a better life", was said by_______________. The power, right or authority of a court to interpret and apply the law is called? As of 2012, unions represented correctional officers in adult institutions in ________ states and the federal system. The prison population is higher today in the United States than at any time in our history. Provide the inmate with date, time, and location of first post-release appointment in writing. In 1840, British Navy Captain ____________ was appointed superintendent of Norfolk Island. [18], It is important to recognize the overlap of incarceration and HIV, particularly for low-income people of color. These officers are an underutilized resource, perhaps because of the public's misunderstanding of their role. Inmates' belief that a correctional officer can and will punish disobedience gives the officer __________. [4] The demographics of community corrections closely mirrors that of jail and prison settings, with disproportionate representation of poor, disadvantaged, and racial and ethnic minorities. Revocation hearings usually begin with a violation report prepared by the probation officer. To which of the following due process protections are they NOT entitled? Many states have resource manuals listing HIV care providers. It also been observed that the functions have only one asymptote. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert observe that the work of correctional officers is characterized by both ________. [9] In a study conducted among male inmates in a Georgia state prison system, intra-prison transmission of HIV was associated with male-male sex in prison, receipt of tattoos while in prison, age older than 26 years, having served at least 5 years of the current sentence, Black race, and low body mass index upon entry to prison. Because of limited access to HIV specialists, some prison systems have attempted to cohort persons with HIV in one or two facilities that have the easiest access to the specialists they needed.

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